Ralph S. Baric

It's in the testimony, I think, in the House.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.12 · original PDF · in context

I think that data was immediately incorporated into the discussions, that I was not part of, but discussions at the Federal level, in terms of prioritizing which vaccines might go forward.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.14 · original PDF · in context

So the reason, I think, that we were particularly so excited about that data is that most of the vaccines that I have tested against coronaviruses, epidemic or pandemic, not pandemic, epidemic coronaviruses like the original SARS 2003 strain, or the MERS strain, worked effectively in young animals.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.14 · original PDF · in context

So killed vaccines are pretty commonly used in humans.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.16 · original PDF · in context

I don't recall that part being in the House, so I think the House testimony is actually accurate.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.28 · original PDF · in context

Ultimately, they got to, I think, what they really wanted to talk about was gain-of-function related experiments, or I think it should be potential gain-of-function related experiments, that were associated with this 2015 and 2016 paper.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.28 · original PDF · in context

I was a little surprised that they didn't seem to have the paperwork that was involved in my presentation on why I thought this might be more of a loss-of-function than a gain-of-function phenotype.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.28 · original PDF · in context

Well, that's natural origin process that either occurs through nature or natural evolutionary processes that might occur in cell cultures.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.58 · original PDF · in context

So certainly when BSEG started it was not classified.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.60 · original PDF · in context

But I recall being told it was classified sometime later.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.60 · original PDF · in context

I was surprised that the ODNI member was there.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.72 · original PDF · in context

But no, I do not know any reviewer for Proximal Origins.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.76 · original PDF · in context

Certainly the pangolin strains were identified, and I think the first paper that was published was in September of 2019, by non-WIV researchers.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.80 · original PDF · in context

One was why don't sarbecoviruses have furin cleavage sites.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.92 · original PDF · in context

They were going to drop those spike genes into pseudotypes and ask what's -- we were also going to look at the receptor binding domain, obviously, and I think we hypothesized in there that there should be strains with 25 percent variation in spike that could still use the ACE2 receptor.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.92 · original PDF · in context

They would remove the furin cleavage site.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.92 · original PDF · in context

There are exemptions to that gain-of-function regulation framework.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.100 · original PDF · in context

Remove the furin cleavage site, see what the effect was.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.103 · original PDF · in context

All that I know is that we were not awarded.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.104 · original PDF · in context

Oh, the paper, generally, I disagreed with the idea that you could completely rule out the lab leak, and actually wrote a commentator, commentory piece -- what's the word?

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.110 · original PDF · in context

So I talked at a WHO meeting early on in the pandemic to say that alumbased vaccines, which have a tendency to -- I probably need to explain what a Th2 immune response is.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.128 · original PDF · in context

Now, the Chinese vaccines were killed vaccines with alum, which I think was inappropriate.

Baric Transcribed Interview (Redacted), p.129 · original PDF · in context