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applications addressing gaps in TB research not already filled by NIAID are considered. • HIV/AIDS o The DAIDS-funded International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group (IMPAACT) and HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) are collaborating with AERAS to conduct Phase I/II TB vaccine trials in the HIV uninfected infant population in South Africa. o Through the NIH-funded Microbicide Trials Network and the International Partnership for Microbicides, NIAID is collaborating with the BMGF to conduct a Phase III safety and effectiveness study of a vaginal matrix ring containing the NNRTI dapivirine for the prevention of HIV-1 infection in women. Designated ASPIRE, for A Study to Prevent Infection with a Ring for Extended Use, this trial is currently enrolling at several sites in Africa. The study will take about two years to conduct with results anticipated in late 2014 or early 2015. o NIAID/OGAC/BMGF are co-funding a trial entitled, "Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission (POPART)" study to determine the impact of two community-level