A single line often inverts meaning once you see what it
answers, so neighbouring messages are always shown.
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Sept. 11, 2001 - Day of infamy. I was in New York City at the time of the attack on the World Trade Center. Below is a note that I sent to Andy Saxon (in response to his concern for the safety of me and my family) after returning to Washington, D.C. that explains what happened: Dear Andy: Thanks for the note. I was actually in New York City about 30 blocks from the World Trade Center in a taxi cab getting ready to go to a meeting of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation at the precise time that the first plane hit. By the time I got to the meeting in mid-town Manhattan and went into the building, I saw on TV the second plane hit. It was the most horrible day of my life. I was not hurt nor was I ever in any danger; however, it is an experience that I will never forget. As you know, my father lives alone in New York, but his apartment is about 70 blocks uptown from the WTC and he is fine. Also, as you know, my girls go to school in Washington, D.C; however, they are reasonably far from the Pentagon. They saw the smoke from their classrooms on the grounds of the National Cathedral and as expected were emotionally traumatized. All DC schools were immediately dismissed and the children went home. However, Jenny, Megan, and Alison (not to mention Chris) were very frightened since they knew that I had just left for New York City that morning. I could not phone to tell them that I was OK since all of the cell phones and fixed phones were jammed. Finally, I got through to them and they were obviously very relieved. I feel very fortunate. I was stranded in NYC for a while, but finally caught a late night train out to DC. Washington is an eerie town right now. Military police are all over downtown, National Airport is closed INDEFINITELY, and F-16 jets are flying in combat formation all day and night over the city. The NIH has concrete barricades at every entrance and if your car does not have an NIH sticker and you do not have an NIH ID, you could be the Pope and you will not get on campus. This is true of all Federal Buildings. As you probably know from the News, the FBI now knows that there are several cells of terrorists still in the USA with plans to execute terrorist attacks, and Washington, D.C. is the prime target. I do not think that things will be the same around here. What a terrible situation for us and the world. Again, thank you for your concern. Best regards, Tony September 17 - 20 , 2001 - I have been called to several top secret meetings over a 4 days period at the White House with the National Security Council (NSC) in a group chaired by Richard Falkenrath (see other notes) to discuss short and long range plans for how to handle a bioterrorism attack, particularly one of smallpox. Also, several meeting in top secret format were held at DHHS in the Humphrey Building. People at the DHHS meetings include Stewart Simonson (Chief of Staff to Claude Allan), Scott Lillibridge, Claude Allan (deputy Secretary), Tom Month of Acambis company that is making smallpox vaccine, D.A. Henderson (Hopkins), Kathy Zoon (FDA), Ann Agnew (Exec Sec. OD/DHHS, John La Montagne (NIAID), James Meegan (NIAID), Bill Raub (DHHS), and others. Check files. At the White House (Chaired by Richard Falkenrath, Deputy to Condi Rice) there was Avis Bohlen (State), J.D. Crouch (Defense), Kenneth Justice )Commerce, Kathy Zoon (FDA), John La Montagne (NIAID), Bill Steiger (DHHS), Don Mahley (State), Michael Chertoff (Justice), General John Parker (Defense), Peter Jahrlin (Defense) and others. Check with John La Montagne and other notes. We discussed and provided 'White Papers" a) to justify our not agreeing to the renewal of the 1992 Bioweapons Convention because it is un enforcible and would also hinder our legitimate scientists workiing on biomedical research on these organisms. b) justification for not destroying the smallpox stores since we need them to do research to counter effects of a smallpox terrorism attack with diagnostics, vaccines, and therapy.c) Short and long range plans for countering an immediate or distant bioterrorism attack.
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September 17, 2001 - While I was at DHHS for the smallpox meetings, Secretary Thompson called me in his office and said that although he had said that he would not ask me again to be NIH Director unless I brought it up, he said that he had to do so now since "...the country needs me, particularly during these stressful times. I want you very much and President Bush wants me very much". Although I had been resisting this for months (and years) (see above), I felt that I could not refuse this call to duty. Thompson said to name my conditions. I wrote them down and deliver them to him the next day on Sept. 18. The conditions were: 1) Dual roles as NIH Director and NIAID Director; 2) Additional staff; 3) Direct access to him; 4) Good faith discussions regarding plans that he has to do administrative restructuring (centralizing) at NIH OD and away from the individual institutes such as budget, human resources, etc. I felt that particularly budget and to a lesser extent HR centralization would not work; 5) $300,000.00 salary ; 6) Continue to do editing with royalties (especially HPIM) and remain on Board of Trustees of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. The Secretary agreed on all of these except he decreased the salary number to $295,000.00. I told him that I accept the offer. He will send all of this to the White House to clear that they also accept these conditions. I do not expect anything to happen soon given that we are headed to war and likely additional terrorist attacks.
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September 24, 2001 - Yet another visit to the White House, this time to review the final document on Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) Alternative Concepts. We agreed on the document to be sent forward to Condoleezza White and Colin Powell.(see hard copy files). Attending the meeting were: Robert Joseph (WH), Avis Bohlen (State), J,D, Crouch (DOD), Kenneth Juster (Commerce), Claude Allen (DHHS), Tony Fauci (NIH), Bill Steiger (DHHS), John La Montagne (NIH), Kevin Chilton (Joint Staff), Ken Baker (DOE), Alan Foley (CIA), Don Mohley (State), Michael Chertoff (Justice) September 24 - Oct.10 - Multiple meetings at White House and DHHS regarding response to Bioterrorism. Anthrax cases (3 thus far) identified in Florida. USA on "heightened alert".
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October 8-21, 2001 - Historic, breaking news every day. New York City, Washington, D.C., Florida are targets of mail-related anthrax cases. As of Oct. 21 there have been 9 cases of anthrax - 1 death from inhalation, 2 serious inhalation anthrx and 6 cutaneous anthrax with about 40 documented "exposures:. Check news clips for accuracy. Secretary Thompson appointed me Chair of the Vaccine Technology Team to determine the scientific and technical feasibility of upscaling the production of smallpox vaccine - see Memo of October 17 (Wednesday) from ASF to Claude Alan (Deputy Secretary, DHHS). Within this period of time there has been major inconsistencies regarding the "grade" of the anthrax involved in the above exposures. I have spoken with USAMRIID current and former scientists, particularly Co. Peter Jahrling. He has examined the material from Sen. Daschle's office and finds that it clearly is finely milled and what he would consider "weapon grade". He told me that it was better than any bioweapon of anthrax that the USA has ever made. He believes that it was from Iraq. To my amazement, Gov. Ridge (Penn) was recently appointed to the Cabinet-level post of Director of the Office of Homeland Security and he went on television stating that he was told by scientists (likely CD and/or Army people that this was "garden-variety" anthrax; that is was sensitive to all antibiotics and that it was definitely not weapon grade. I was floored. I called back Peter Jahrling and he said that he looked at under low power and it looked like a clump, which would suggest that is was crude and not weapon grade. However, when he looked under electron microscope he saw pure spores that were finely milled. He hydrated the system and the spores became totally suspended and remained so which is the definition of weaponized. Clearly, someone is intentionally not telling Gov. Ridge the truth or he is masking the truth. The obvious potential reason is that the USA does not want to deal right now with the obvious conclusion that the material came from Iraq. I have been trying to cry the warning. I mentioned this to Terrell Halaska (Deputy Chief of Staff to Tommy Thompson) as well as to Stuart Simonson of OGC/OS/DHHS. I also hinted to Tim Russert, Sen Lieberman and Sen John McCain who were my co-guests on "Meet the Press" on Sunday, Oct. 21, 2001. I believe that there will be hell to pay when the American public realizes that they have not been dealt with in a totally open manner. Lew
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2001-10-08 00:00
Anthony S. Fauci
Oct. 8 - 17, 2001 - Thompson asks me to chair a "Vaccine Technology Team" to provide scientific and technical feasibility with pros, cons, and recommendations on how to expand the existing smallpox vaccine stores and develop new, additional stores. See my Oct. 17 memo to Thompson.
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Oct. 10, 2001 - Met at St Regis Hotel in Washington, D.C. with Secretary Thompson; Secretary of State for Health, UK Mr. Alan Milburn; Minister of Health of Canada, Mr. Allan Rock; Secretary of Health of Mexico, Julio Frenk to discuss international collaborations in Public Health related particularly to the response to bioterrorism. Claude Allen and Tommy Thompson appoint me chair of a committee to advice on technical matters related to smallpox vaccine manufacture, testing and application.
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Oct. 21 - 22, 2001 - More cases of inhalation anthrax, most recently in a DC Postal worker who did not touch the Daschle letter, but who was only in the central Post Office Building where the letter was initially sorted. I am convinced that this is very high grade material. I in good conscience cannot refrain from bringing this to the attention of DHHS forcefully. I spoke to Stu Simonson (Oct. 21) and told him that he must tell Secretary Thompson of my concerns. I also mentioned this to Frank Sesno (CNN) who has called me at home because of the concern that there may have been an exposure at CNN since they have contracted a private environmental firm to monitor their offices. They received a tentative positive ID for anthrax in the environment and called me. I told Frank that he must report this to the CDC and gave him the appropriate number. He did so and is now working with the CDC. On Oct. 22 at a CNN morning appearance, I saw Frank Sesno again and he wanted to pursue our conversation. I strongly urged him to explicitly ask Gov. Ridge just from whom he is getting information that this is not weaponized material. I believe that it is of weapons grade given my conversations with Peter Jahrling at USAMRIID. Also, I received a phone call from Sen. Bill Frist who was in NYC. We had both been on the Diane Rehm Show this AM and he called to ask advice on how to get the correct message out. I also implored Sen. Frist to look into the weaponizing situation in the same manner that I did with Frank Sesno. Hopefully this will get straightened out before all credibility is lost. See New York Times article of October 22, 2001 by Judith Miiler and Sheryl Stolberg.
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Oct. 23, 2001 - Major problem in that DC Postal workers are enraged that they were not given CIPRO. They feel that there was not enough care in surveying their Brentwood mail facility. See news accounts around this time. I directly and forcefully told Sec. Thompson that Gov. Ridge had either been mislead or was misleading the American people (which I doubt) regarding the quality of the anthrax spores that had been obtained from the Daschle letter (see above). I strongly suggested to him that he meet with the President and with Gov Ridge to emphasize that we cannot serve the public well with regard to the Public Health if we are not given correct information. Someone at that meeting leaked this to the NY Times and Sheryl Stolberg called me and heard that I had "angrily confronted the FBI for withholding information". I refused to comment; however, off the record I mentioned that the FBI was not in the room at that meeting and that I was trying to get Sec. Thompson to demand the truth.
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Oct. 24, 2001 - Called to emergency meeting at DHHS. Thompson in a very concerned state of mind; asked for my help and counsel. We now have reliable intelligence that the USA will be hit with a major bioterrorism attack within the next several days (from present to Oct. 31). He appointed me in charge of all vaccines. It was clear that the CDC was not responding adequately. I was amazed at the disconnect between that CDC and DHHS and the lack of responsiveness of the CDC to the Secretary. I have lost confidence in their capability of responding to any bioterrorism attack, much less a major one that is being predicted. Thompson wants to move all responsibilities away from CDC and put them in DHHS office with me in charge of vaccines. I encourage him not to dismantle the CDC, but to try and fix it. If Jeff Koplan does not cooperate, then fire him. I will prepare a vaccine report for anthrax similar to the one that I prepared for smallpox (see above).